@misc{oai:kawasakigakuen.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000345,
 author = {Hiroshi OHKO and Yasunori UMEMOTO and Daisuke KOJIMA and Yukihide NISHIMURA and Yukio MIKAMI and Ken KOUDA and Takahiro OGAWA and Fumihiro TAJIMA},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes and improves neuronal plasticity, suppresses neuronal cell death, induces neural regeneration, and stimulates neuronal survival, particularly in motor and sensory neurons of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Moreover, BDNF plays important roles in memory, learning, mood, food intake, and energy metabolism. Increased BDNF is involved in the prevention and amelioration of brain health and neurological diseases. The factors that increase BDNF include heat stress and exercise-independent pathways. Goekint (2011), demonstrated that exercise at high temperatures increased core temperature and resulted in higher BDNF concentrations than exercise at low temperatures. Based on these results, they concluded that BDNF concentrations was stimulated by an increase in core temperature during exercise. However, there is no information on whether BDNF concentrations change from core temperature increase, independent of exercise. The study was carried out for the following two purposes. In the first study, we examined BDNF concentrations changes in a hot bath to clarify the relationship between an increase in core temperature and an increase in BDNF concentrations. In study 2, an experiment using the additive effect of the warm bath combined with exercise was carried out to efficiently increase BDNF concentrations. [Methods:] In study 1, an eight healthy males performed 20 min head-out water immersion (HOI) at 42℃ (hot-HOI) and 35℃ (neutral-HOI). In study 2, a ten healthy young males subjects performed HOI at 40℃ (40℃ HOI) or continuous cycling at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake while immersed in 40℃ (40℃ HOI-ex) or 23℃ water (23℃ HOI-ex) for 15 min. Serum BDNF, cortisol concentrations, and core temperature (Tcore) were measured pre, immediately post, and 15 and 30 min post-immersion. [Results:] From study 1, we demonstrated that a 20-min HOI at 42℃ resulted in a significant increase in serum BDNF concentrations in young healthy men. From study 2, we report that the combination of a 15-min HOI in 40℃ water with cycling ergometer exercise at 60% VO2 max increased serum BDNF concentration, while 40℃ HOI and 23℃ HOI-ex did not. [Conclusion:] The combination of exercise and heat stress may provide a time-efficient strategy to elevate serum BDNF concentrations., Review Article},
 title = {Hot bathing has the potential to provide a new means of secreting brain-derived neurotrophic factor},
 year = {2021}
}